Annotated bibliographie #2

Findings from Fudan University Broaden Understanding of Educational Technology and Applied Linguistics (Implementing foreign language curriculum innovation in a Chinese secondary school: An ethnographic study on teacher cognition and classroom…).” Education Letter, 7 June 2017, p. 51. Gale In Context: Global Issues, https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A494277529/GIC?u=cuny_ccny&sid=GIC&xid=3ac996b1. Accessed 21 Sept. 2019.

This article talks about a research that required ten teachers to be observed through five stages of a class project. The five stages were the pre-project stage, the top-down stage, the bottom-up stage; the exam preparation stage, and the post-project stage, in an attempt to explore the changes that took place in the teacher’s receptivity and classroom behaviors. The researchers discovered that when the teacher changes her teaching style during the pre-project, the bottom-up and the post-project stages students would be able to focus more.

This article relates to my topic because it discusses how students focus more during the use of technology. When it comes to test taking students don’t perform well.  The research showed that external pressure causes the cognition-practice incongruence. 

“Changes in the project teacher’s teaching practices reflect the consistency between teacher cognition and classroom practices at the pre-project, the bottom-up and the post-project stages. In contrast, at the top-down and the exam stages of the innovation project, changes in teachers’ cognition did not conform to changes in her classroom practices.”


Blake R. (2017) Distance Education for Second and Foreign Language Learning. In: Thorne S., May S. (eds) Language, Education and Technology. Encyclopedia of Language and Education (3rd ed.). Springer, Cham

Distance Education for second and Foreign Language learning talks about the technology in classroom in the past, present, and in what direction technology is going. It also talks about the problems and difficulties that come with technology. Even though technology might cause problems there are many benefits that comes with technology. In technological terms, the online formats for L2 instruction will continue to evolve rapidly, making the issues of teacher training in iterative cycles a pressing concern for any language program

This article is relevant to the topic I want to discuss because it talks about how technology in classrooms have developed thought the years. That’s a focal point in my writing because just like technology is developing through the years, the way teachers use technology in the classroom as to change to. 

“The use of technology to deliver second-language (L2) instruction is becoming commonplace in the foreign-language curriculum (Blake 2013), whether in support of traditional, blended, or fully online formats.”

Cause and effect

Innovation and Education In the present society, innovation has turned into the world. Innovation is forming the world and numerous individuals are utilizing it for its benefit. Innovation has changed enormously that it is presently being consolidated into the instructive framework. Technology should help enhance the educational system and be responsible for academic enhancement. 

            In the past teachers used sources such as CDs, DVDs, Internet links, and the use of electronic writing forums. In present day teachers use different websites such as Blackboard, Moodle, Bright space (Desire2Learn), or Canvas. This development in technology as been easier for teachers to get out work to their students. In introducing these websites teachers created a better classroom environment for their students. One question that English teachers bring up is how can the use of the computer replace the face-to-face oral production that occurs in the classroom, along with all of the live interactions with the instructor, who represents the students’ best or only model for correct usage?

            Teachers will in general consider the to be design as an answer for over-bought in language classes. Enormous enlistments educated in the online organization are similarly as hard to oversee, if not more in this way, than in study hall groups. Educators of online language classes need to oppose endeavors by chairmen to stuff their online classes with a bigger number of understudies than is the standard for language study hall.

Further research and studies have to be performed to show to show how synchronous CMC can help keep up elevated amounts of conversational intuitiveness utilizing the new age of online specialized devices. So also, more information ought to be accumulated on how best to utilize new progresses in videoconferencing in order to detail rules of best rehearses for forthcoming on the web teachers who must be prepared how to take an interest in these advanced trades.

Everything in this world develops and finds a way to improve. Technology needs to be improved in classrooms to improve students learning styles. In technological terms, the online formats for L2 instruction will continue to evolve rapidly, making the issues of teacher training in iterative cycles a pressing concern for any language program.

Education has developed hugely over the previous hundreds of years. From one-room school buildings, isolated schools, to open and tuition based schools; types of instruction and how we get it are continually evolving. In the previous decade, innovation has turned into an enormous piece of instruction and tutoring. Perspectives on kinds of tutoring and training are evolving quickly. Recordings and articles can be discovered everywhere throughout the Internet on essentially any subject you can consider. A lot of the present tutoring is done through online classes. You enter an average elementary classroom you might find a computer cart with twenty or thirty laptops, all with hook-up to the Internet. The teacher usually has either a desktop or lap top computer, sometimes both, for keeping track of important information. 

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